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36 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. highlight:: rst
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.. _scautoloc:
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#########
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scautoloc
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#########
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**Locates seismic events.**
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Description
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===========
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scautoloc is the |scname| program responsible for automatically locating
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seismic events in near-real time. It normally runs as a daemon continuously
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reading picks and amplitudes and processing them in real time. An offline
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mode is available as well. scautoloc reads automatic picks and several
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associated amplitudes. On that basis it tries to identify combinations of
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picks that correspond to a common seismic event. If the produced location
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meets certain consistency criteria, it is reported, i.e. passed on to other
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programs that take the origins as input.
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Location procedure
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==================
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The procedure of scautoloc to identify and locate seismic events basically
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consists of the following steps:
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Pick preparation
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----------------
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In scautoloc each incoming pick needs to be accompanied by a specific set
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of amplitudes. Since in the |scname| data model amplitudes and picks are
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independent objects, the amplitudes are added as attributes to their
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corresponding picks upon reception by scautoloc.
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Pick filtering
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--------------
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Each incoming pick is filtered, i.e. it is checked if a pick is outdated
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and if the complete set of associated amplitudes is present already. If
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a station produces picks extremely often, these are considered to be more
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likely glitches and result in an increased :term:`SNR` threshold.
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Association
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-----------
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It is first attempted to associate an incoming pick with the known origins.
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Especially for large events with stable locations based on many picks already
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associated, this is the preferred way to handle the pick. If the association
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succeeds, the nucleation process can be bypassed. Under certain circumstances
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picks are both associated and fed into the nucleator.
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Nucleation
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----------
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If direct association fails, scautoloc tries to make a new origin out of this
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and other unassociated, previously received picks. This process is called
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"nucleation". scautoloc performs a grid search over space and time, which is
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a rather expensive procedure as it requires lots of resources both in terms
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of CPU and RAM. Additional nucleation algorithms will become available in
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future. The grid is a discrete set of -in principle- arbitrary points that
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sample the area of interest sufficiently densely. In the grid search, each
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of the grid points is taken as a hypothetical hypocenter for all incoming
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picks. Each incoming pick is back projected in time for each of the grid
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points, on the assumption that it is a first-arrival "P" onset. If the pick
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indeed corresponds to a "P" arrival of a seismic event, and if this event was
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recorded at a sufficient number of stations, the back projected new pick will
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cluster with previous picks from the same event. The cluster will be densest
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around the origin time at the grid point closest to the hypocenter. In
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principle, the grid could be so dense that the location obtained from the
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grid search can be used directly. However, as RAM memory as well as CPU speed
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is limited, this is not possible. Therefore, if a cluster is identified as a
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potential origin, it does not necessarily mean that all contributing picks
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actually correspond to "P" arrivals. It may as well be a coincidental match
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caused by the coarseness of the grid or possible contamination by picked noise.
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Therefore, a location program (LocSAT) is run in order to try a location and
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test if the set of picks indeed forms a consistent hypocenter. If the pick
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residual :term:`RMS` is too large, an improvement is attempted by excluding each of
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the contributing picks once to test if a reduction in RMS can be achieved.
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If the new origin meets all requirements, it is accepted as new seismic event
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location.
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The grid points are specified in a text file "grid.txt".
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The default file shipped with scautoloc defines a grid with globally even
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distributed points at the surface, and depth points confined to regions of
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known deep seismicity. It may be modified, but should not comprise too many
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grid points (>3000, depending on CPU speed and RAM). See below for more
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details about the grid file.
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Origin refinement
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-----------------
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An origin produced or updated through association and/or nucleation may still
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be contaminated by phases wrongly interpreted as "P" arrivals. scautoloc
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tries to improve these origins based on e.g. pick SNR and amplitude. In this
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processing step, it is also attempted to associate phases which slipped through
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during the first association attempt, e.g. because the initial location was
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incorrect. If the origin contains a sufficient number of arrivals to assume
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a reasonably well location result, scautoloc additionally tries to associate
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picks as secondary phases such as :term:`pP <pP phase>`. Such secondary phases
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are only "weakly
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associated", i.e. these phases are not used for the location. For the analyst,
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however, it is useful to have possible “pP” phases predefined.
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Origin filtering
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----------------
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This process involves final consistency checks of new/updated origins etc.
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During this procedure, the origins are not modified any more.
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In the course of nucleation and association, as well as in the origin
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refinement and filtering, certain heuristic criteria are applied to compare
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the "qualities" of concurring origins. These criteria are combined in an
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internal origin score, which is based on properties of the picks themselves
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in the context of the respective origin (residuals: :confval:`autoloc.maxResidual`,
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RMS: :confval:`autoloc.maxRMS`, azimuthal gaps: :confval:`autoloc.maxSGAP`).
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In addition, the amplitudes provide valuable means of comparing origin
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qualities. Obviously, a pick with a high :term:`SNR` will less likely be a transient
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burst of noise than a pick merely exceeding the SNR threshold. A high-SNR
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pick thus increases the origin score. Similarly, a pick associated to a large
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absolute amplitude is more likely to correspond to a real seismic onset,
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especially in case of simultaneous, large-amplitude observations at neighboring
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stations. A special case arises, when several nearby stations report amplitudes
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above a certain “XXL threshold”. For details see the section
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:ref:`Preliminary origins <sec-scautoloc-prelim-origins>`.
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The amplitudes used by scautoloc are of type "snr" and "mb", corresponding
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to the (relative, unit-less) SNR amplitude and the (absolute) "mb" amplitude,
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respectively. These two amplitudes are provided by :ref:`scautopick`.
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In case of a setup in which scautopick is replaced by a different automatic
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picker, these two amplitudes must nevertheless be provided to scautoloc.
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Otherwise, the picks are not used. At the moment this is a strict requirement,
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in the future it may be changed.
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Grid file
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=========
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The grid configuration file consists of one line per grid point, each grid
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point specified by 6 columns::
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-10.00 105.00 20.0 5.0 180.0 8
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The columns are grid point coordinates (latitude, longitude, depth), radius,
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maximum station distance and minimum pick count, respectively. The above line
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sets a grid point centered at 10° S / 105° E at the depth of 20 km. It is
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sensitive to events within 5° of the center. Stations in a distance of up
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to 180° may be used to nucleate an event. At least 8 picks have to contribute
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to an origin at this location. The radius should be chosen large enough to
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allow grid cells to overlap, but not too large. The size also determines the
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time windows for grouping the picks in the grid search. If the time windows
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are too long the risk of contamination with wrong picks increases. The maximum
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station distance allows to restrict to certain stations for the according grid
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points. E.g. stations from Australia are normally not required to create an
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event in Europe. If there is doubt, set the value to 180. The minimum pick
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count specifies how many picks are required for a given grid point to allow
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the creation of a new origin. The default grid file contains a global grid
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with even spacing of ~5° with additional points at greater depths where
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deep-focus events are known to occur.
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Station configuration file
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==========================
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The station configuration file contains lines consisting of network code,
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station code, usage flag (0 or 1) and maximum nucleation distance. Using a
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flag of 1 indicates the station shall be used by scautoloc. If it shall not
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be used, 0 must be specified here. The maximum nucleation distance is the
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distance (in degrees) from the station up to which this station may contribute
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to a new origin. If this distance is 180°, this station may contribute to new
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origins world-wide. However, if the distance is only 10°, the range of this
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station is limited. This is a helpful setting in case of mediocre stations
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in a region where there are numerous good and reliable stations nearby. The
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station will then not pose a risk for locations generated outside the maximum
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nucleation distance. Network and station code may be wildcards (\*) for
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convenience ::
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* * 1 90
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GE * 1 180
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GE HLG 1 10
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TE RGN 0 10
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The example above means that all stations from all networks by default can
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create new events within 90°. The GE stations can create events at any distance,
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except for the rather noisy station HLG in the network GE, which is restricted
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to 10°. By setting the 3rd column to 0, TE RGN is ignored.
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.. _sec-scautoloc-prelim-origins:
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Preliminary origins
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===================
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Usually, scautoloc will not report origins with less than a certain
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number of defining phases (specified by :confval:`autoloc.minPhaseCount`),
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typically 6-8 phases, with 6 being the absolute minimum. However,
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in case of potentially dangerous events, it may be desirable to
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receive "heads up" alert prior to reaching the minimum phase count,
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especially in a tsunami warning context. If very large amplitudes
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are registered at a sufficient number of stations, it is possible to
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produce preliminary origins (hereafter called :term:`XXL events<XXL event>`)
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based on less than 6 picks.
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Prerequisite is that all these picks have extraordinary large amplitudes of type
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:confval:`autoloc.amplTypeAbs` and :term:`SNR` and lie within a
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relatively small region. Such picks are hereafter called :term:`XXL picks<XXL pick>`.
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A pick is internally tagged as “XXL pick” if its
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amplitude exceeds a certain threshold (specified by
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:confval:`autoloc.xxl.minAmplitude`) and has a SNR > :confval:`autoloc.xxl.minSNR`.
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For larger SNR picks with
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smaller amplitude can reach the XXL tag, because it is justified to
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treat a large-SNR pick as XXL pick even if its amplitude is somewhat
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below the XXL amplitude threshold. The XXL criterion should be
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judged as workaround to identify picks which justify the nucleation
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of preliminary origins.
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Logging
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=======
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scautoloc produces two kinds of log files in :file:`@LOGDIR@:`
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* A normal application log file containing the processing and location history.
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* An optional pick log.
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The pick log contains all received picks with associated amplitudes in a
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simple text file, one entry per line. This pick log should always be active
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as it allows pick playback for trouble shooting and optimization of scautoloc.
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If something did not work as expected, playing back the pick log will provide
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a useful way to find the source of the problem without the need of processing
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the raw waveforms again. The application log file contains miscellaneous
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information in variable format. The format of the entries may change anytime,
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so no downstream application should ever depend on it. There are some special
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lines, however. These contain certain keywords that allow convenient filtering
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of the most important information using grep. These keywords are NEW, UPD and
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OUT, for a new, updated and output origin, respectively. They can be used like::
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grep '\(NEW\---UPD\---OUT\)' ~/.seiscomp/log/scautoloc.log
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This will extract all lines containing the above keywords, providing a very
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simple (and primitive) origin history.
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Publication interval
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====================
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In principle, scautoloc produces a new solution (origin) after each processed
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pick. This is desirable at an early stage of an event, when every additional
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information may lead to significant improvements. A consolidated solution,
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consisting of many (dozens) of picks, on the other hand may not always benefit
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greatly from additional picks that usually originate from large distances.
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Updates after each pick are therefore unnecessary. It is possible to control
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the time interval between subsequent origins reported by scautoloc. The time
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interval is a linear function of the number of picks::
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Δt = aN + b
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Setting a = b = 0, then Δt is always zero, meaning there is never a delay in
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sending new solutions. This is not desirable. Setting a = 0.5, each pick will
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increase the time interval until the next solution will be sent by 0.5s. This
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means that scautoloc will wait 10 seconds after an origin with 20 picks is sent.
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The values for a and b can be configured by :confval:`autoloc.publicationIntervalTimeSlope`
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and :confval:`autoloc.publicationIntervalTimeIntercept`, respectively.
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Housekeeping
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============
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scautoloc keeps pick objects in memory only for a certain amount of time. This time
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span is with respect to pick time and specified in seconds in :confval:`buffer.pickKeep`.
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The default value is 21600
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seconds (6 hours). After this time, unassociated picks expire. Newly arriving
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picks older than that (e.g. in the case of high data latencies) are ignored.
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Origins will live slightly longer, including the picks associated to them. The time
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to buffer origins is configured by :confval:`buffer.originKeep`.
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In a setup where many stations have considerable latencies, e.g. dialup
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stations, the expiration times should be chosen long enough to accommodate
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late picks. On the other hand, the memory usage for large networks may be a
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concern as well. scautoloc periodically cleans up its memory from expired
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objects. The time interval between subsequent housekeepings is specified in
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:confval:`buffer.cleanupInterval` in seconds.
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Test mode
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=========
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In the test mode, scautoloc connects to a messaging server as usual and
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receives picks and amplitudes from there, but no results are sent back to
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the server. Log files are written as usual. This mode can be used to test
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new parameter settings before implementation in the real-time system. It also
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provides a simple way to log picks from a real-time system to the pick log.
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Offline mode
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============
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scautoloc normally runs as a daemon in the background, continuously reading
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picks and amplitudes and processing them in real time. However, scautoloc
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may also be operated in offline mode. This is useful for debugging. Offline
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mode is activated by adding the command-line parameter -\\-ep or -\\-offline.
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When operated in offline mode,
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scautoloc will not connect to the messaging. Instead, it reads picks from a
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:term:`SCML` file provided with -\\-ep or from standard input in the pick file
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format. The station coordinates are read from the inventory in the database or
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from the file either defined in :confval:`autoloc.stationLocations` or
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-\\-station-locations .
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Example for entries in a pick file::
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2008-09-25 00:20:16.6 SK LIKS EH __ 4.6 196.953 1.1 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:20:33.5 SJ BEO BH __ 3.0 479.042 0.9 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:21:00.1 CX MNMCX BH __ 21.0 407.358 0.7 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:21:02.7 CX HMBCX BH __ 14.7 495.533 0.5 A [id]
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2008-09-24 20:53:59.9 IA KLI BH __ 3.2 143.752 0.6 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:21:04.5 CX PSGCX BH __ 7.1 258.407 0.6 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:21:09.5 CX PB01 BH __ 10.1 139.058 0.6 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:21:24.0 NU ACON SH __ 4.9 152.910 0.6 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:22:09.0 CX PB04 BH __ 9.0 305.960 0.6 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:19:13.1 GE BKNI BH __ 3.3 100.523 0.5 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:23:47.6 RO IAS BH __ 3.1 206.656 0.3 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:09:12.8 GE JAGI BH __ 31.9 1015.304 0.8 A [id]
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2008-09-25 00:25:10.7 SJ BEO BH __ 3.4 546.364 1.1 A [id]
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where [id] is a placeholder for the real pick id which has been omitted in this
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example.
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.. note:: In the above example some of the picks are not in right order of
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time because of data latencies. In offline mode scautoloc will not connect to
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the database, in consequence the station coordinates cannot be read from the
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database and thus have to be supplied via a file. The station coordinates file
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has a simple format with one line per entry, consisting of 5 columns: network
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code, station code, latitude, longitude, elevation (in meters), e.g., ::
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GE APE 37.0689 25.5306 620.0
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GE BANI -4.5330 129.9000 0.0
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GE BKB -1.2558 116.9155 0.0
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GE BKNI 0.3500 101.0333 0.0
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GE BOAB 12.4493 -85.6659 381.0
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GE CART 37.5868 -1.0012 65.0
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GE CEU 35.8987 -5.3731 320.0
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GE CISI -7.5557 107.8153 0.0
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The location of this file is specified in :confval:`autoloc.stationLocations` or on the
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command line using -\\-station-locations
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How to make scautopick and scautoloc work together
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==================================================
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The two main programs in the automatic event detection and location processing
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chain, :ref:`scautopick` and :program:`scautoloc`, only work together if the information needed
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by scautoloc can be supplied by :ref:`scautopick`. This document explains current
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implicit dependencies between these two utilities and is meant as a guide
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especially for those who plan to modify or replace one or both of these
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utilities by own developments.
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Both scautopick and scautoloc are subject to ongoing developments.
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The explanation given below can therefore only be considered a hint, but not
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a standard.
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Picks
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-----
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The data scautoloc works with are primarily seismic phase picks. In addition,
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certain amplitudes are used as a kind of quality criterion for the pick, allowing
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picks with a higher absolute amplitude or signal-to-noise ratio to be given
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priority in the processing over weak low-quality picks.
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Currently scautoloc only processes automatic, 1st-arrival P picks. Furthermore,
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in the current version of scautopick only P picks are produced anyway. It can
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therefore be safely assumed by scautoloc that any automatic pick is a P pick
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that either has a phaseHint attribute explicitly stating "P" ot the phaseHint
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attribute left empty. Automatic picks with a phaseHint other than "P" as well
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as any picks not tagged as automatic are currently ignored. It is thus highly
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recommended to always set the phaseHint attribute with the appropriate phase
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name. There is no restriction regarding the choice of the publicID of the pick.
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Optionally scautoloc performance may be improved by processing certain
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amplitudes accompanying the picks. Two kinds of amplitudes may be used together
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* An absolute amplitude like the one used for calculation of the magnitude "mb".
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* Relative amplitude like the dimension-less signal-to-noise ratio amplitude "snr".
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Neither amplitude is used for magnitude computation by scautoloc. The default
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amplitude types used by scautoloc are of type "mb" and "snr". These defaults
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can be overridden in :file:`scautoloc.cfg`:
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.. code-block:: sh
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autoloc.amplTypeSNR = snr
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autoloc.amplTypeAbs = mb
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If for instance an alternate picker implementation doesn't produce "mb"-type
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absolute amplitude but e.g. "xy", then :confval:`autoloc.amplTypeAbs` needs to be set to
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"xy" to have them recognized by scautoloc.
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The use of manual picks is controlled by :confval:`autoloc.useManualPicks`.
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Pick processing may be enabled/disabled according to its author ID.
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This is controlled via :confval:`autoloc.authors`, which is a
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comma-separated list of author ID's. In addition to acting as a
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whitelist, the order of the author ID's determines the pick
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priority. An author early in the list is given higher priority.
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Note: The latter feature is not implemented yet.
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.. code-block:: sh
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autoloc.authors = joeseismologist@screview, student@sctraining, repicker@scaux, scautopick@scmain
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Currently there **must** be an absolute and a relative amplitude for every pick.
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However, this requirement will be relaxed in a future version. But currently
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scautoloc will always wait until both amplitude have arrived, which results
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in an overall processing delay, corresponding to the usually delayed availability
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of amplitudes with respect to the corresponding pick. The default absolute
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amplitude "mb", for instance, takes a hard-coded 30-seconds time interval to
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be computed. This length of data thus has to be waited for, plus a little
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extra because of the size of the miniSEED records. An alternate picker
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implementation could produce a different absolute-amplitude type than "mb".
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That amplitude might be based on a different filter pass band and much shorter
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time window than the default "mb" amplitude, thus allowing a significantly
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improved processing speed. The choice of amplitude type and time window greatly
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depends on the network. For a regional or even global network the 30-seconds
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processing delay won't play a role, and we need the mb amplitude anyway. Here
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the delay of solutions produced by scautoloc is mostly controlled by the seismic
|
|
traveltimes. Not so in case of a local or small-regional network, where the
|
|
mb-type amplitude is of limited value and where a meaningful absolute amplitude
|
|
might well be produced with just a second of data and at higher frequencies.
|
|
Currently this isn't possible with scautopick but this issue will be addressed
|
|
in a future version.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manual origins
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
Manual origins created e.g. in :ref:`scolv` may be considered for additional
|
|
association of picks as controlled by :confval:`autoloc.useManualOrigins`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _scautoloc_configuration:
|
|
|
|
Module Configuration
|
|
====================
|
|
|
|
| :file:`etc/defaults/global.cfg`
|
|
| :file:`etc/defaults/scautoloc.cfg`
|
|
| :file:`etc/global.cfg`
|
|
| :file:`etc/scautoloc.cfg`
|
|
| :file:`~/.seiscomp/global.cfg`
|
|
| :file:`~/.seiscomp/scautoloc.cfg`
|
|
|
|
scautoloc inherits :ref:`global options<global-configuration>`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
**locator.\***
|
|
*Define parameters of the locator. Only LOCSAT is supported.*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: locator.profile
|
|
|
|
Default: ``iasp91``
|
|
|
|
Type: *string*
|
|
|
|
The locator profile to use.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: locator.defaultDepth
|
|
|
|
Default: ``10``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *km*
|
|
|
|
For each location, scautoloc performs checks to test if the
|
|
depth estimate is reliable. If the same location quality
|
|
\(e.g. pick RMS\) can be achieved while fixing the depth to
|
|
the default depth, the latter is used. This is most often
|
|
the case for shallow events with essentially no depth
|
|
resolution.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: locator.minimumDepth
|
|
|
|
Default: ``5``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *km*
|
|
|
|
The locator might converge at a depth of 0 or even negative
|
|
depths. This is usually not desired, as 0 km might be
|
|
interpreted as indicative of e.g. a quarry blast or another
|
|
explosive source. In the case of \"too shallow\" locations the
|
|
minimum depth will be used.
|
|
|
|
Note that the minimum depth can also be configured in scolv,
|
|
possibly to a different value.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
**buffer.\***
|
|
*Control the buffer of objects.*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: buffer.pickKeep
|
|
|
|
Default: ``21600``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *s*
|
|
|
|
Time to keep picks in the buffer with respect to pick time, not creation time.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: buffer.originKeep
|
|
|
|
Default: ``86400``
|
|
|
|
Type: *integer*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *s*
|
|
|
|
Time to keep origins in buffer.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: buffer.cleanupInterval
|
|
|
|
Default: ``3600``
|
|
|
|
Type: *integer*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *s*
|
|
|
|
Clean\-up interval for removing old\/unused objects.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
**autoloc.\***
|
|
*Define parameters for creating and reporting origins.*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.maxRMS
|
|
|
|
Default: ``3.5``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *s*
|
|
|
|
Maximum travel\-time RMS for a location to be reported.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.maxResidual
|
|
|
|
Default: ``7.0``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *s*
|
|
|
|
Maximum travel\-time residual \(unweighted\) for a pick at a station to be used.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.minPhaseCount
|
|
|
|
Default: ``6``
|
|
|
|
Type: *integer*
|
|
|
|
Minimum number of phases for reporting origins.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.maxDepth
|
|
|
|
Default: ``1000``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *km*
|
|
|
|
Maximum permissible depth for reporting origins.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.maxSGAP
|
|
|
|
Default: ``360``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *deg*
|
|
|
|
Maximum secondary azimuthal gap for an origin to be reported by.
|
|
The secondary gap is the maximum of the sum of 2 station gaps.
|
|
|
|
Default: 360 degrees, i.e. no restriction based on this parameter.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.maxStationDistance
|
|
|
|
Default: ``180``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *deg*
|
|
|
|
Maximum epicntral distance to stations for accepting picks.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.minStaCountIgnorePKP
|
|
|
|
Default: ``30``
|
|
|
|
Type: *integer*
|
|
|
|
If the station count for stations at < 105 degrees distance
|
|
exceeds this number, no picks at > 105 degrees will be
|
|
used in location. They will be loosely associated, though.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.amplTypeAbs
|
|
|
|
Default: ``mb``
|
|
|
|
Type: *string*
|
|
|
|
If this string is non\-empty, an amplitude obtained from an amplitude
|
|
object is used by ... . If this string is \"mb\", a period
|
|
obtained from the amplitude object is also used; if it has some other
|
|
value, then 1 [units?] is used. If this string is empty, then the amplitude
|
|
is set to 0.5 \* thresholdXXL, and 1 [units?] is used for the period.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.amplTypeSNR
|
|
|
|
Default: ``snr``
|
|
|
|
Type: *string*
|
|
|
|
If this string is non\-empty, it is used to obtain a pick SNR from an
|
|
amplitude object. If it is empty, the pick SNR is 10.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.grid
|
|
|
|
Default: ``@DATADIR@/scautoloc/grid.conf``
|
|
|
|
Type: *path*
|
|
|
|
Location of the grid file for nucleating origins.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.stationConfig
|
|
|
|
Default: ``@DATADIR@/scautoloc/station.conf``
|
|
|
|
Type: *path*
|
|
|
|
Location of the station configuration file for nucleating origins.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.stationLocations
|
|
|
|
Type: *path*
|
|
|
|
The station file to be used when in offline mode.
|
|
If no file is given the database is used. An example is given
|
|
in \"\@DATADIR\@\/scautoloc\/station\-locations.conf\".
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.useManualPicks
|
|
|
|
Default: ``false``
|
|
|
|
Type: *boolean*
|
|
|
|
Receive and process manual phase picks.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.useManualOrigins
|
|
|
|
Default: ``false``
|
|
|
|
Type: *boolean*
|
|
|
|
Receive and process manual origins. Manual picks and arrival
|
|
weights will be adopted from the manual origin and the processing continues with these.
|
|
Origins produced this way by adding incoming automatic picks are nevertheless marked as
|
|
automatic origins. But they may contain manual picks \(even pP and S picks\).
|
|
|
|
Add the LOCATION group to connection.subscriptions for receiving manual origins\!
|
|
|
|
This is an experimental feature relevant only for large regional and global networks,
|
|
where results by analysts can be expected before the end
|
|
of automatic event processing.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.adoptManualDepth
|
|
|
|
Default: ``true``
|
|
|
|
Type: *boolean*
|
|
|
|
Adopt the depth from manual origins. Otherwise the default depth
|
|
in locator.defaultDepth is considered.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.authors
|
|
|
|
Type: *list:string*
|
|
|
|
Pick processing may be enabled\/disabled according to the
|
|
author ID of a pick. In addition, picks of certain authors
|
|
can be prioritized over other authors.
|
|
This is the author priority list that controls this behavior.
|
|
Its value is a comma\-separated list of author ID's.
|
|
The earlier an author ID appears in the list the higher the
|
|
priority it gets.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.tryDefaultDepth
|
|
|
|
Default: ``true``
|
|
|
|
Type: *boolean*
|
|
|
|
Compare located origin with the origin at the depth given by
|
|
locator.defaultDepth. The origin with lower RMS is reported.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.publicationIntervalTimeSlope
|
|
|
|
Default: ``0.5``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *s/count*
|
|
|
|
Parameter \"a\" in the equation t \= aN + b.
|
|
t is the time interval between sending updates of an origin.
|
|
N is the arrival count of the origin.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.publicationIntervalTimeIntercept
|
|
|
|
Default: ``0.``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *s*
|
|
|
|
Parameter \"b\" in the equation t \= aN + b.
|
|
t is the time interval between sending updates of an origin.
|
|
N is the arrival count of the origin.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.pickLogEnable
|
|
|
|
Default: ``false``
|
|
|
|
Type: *boolean*
|
|
|
|
Activate for writing pick log files to \"pickLog\".
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.pickLog
|
|
|
|
Default: ``@LOGDIR@/autoloc-picklog``
|
|
|
|
Type: *string*
|
|
|
|
Location of pick log file containing information about received
|
|
picks. Activate \"pickLogEnable\" for writing the files.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
**autoloc.xxl.\***
|
|
*Create origins from XXL picks. These origins will receive the status "preliminary".*
|
|
*Use with care! Enabling XXL picks may result in frequent fake solutions.*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.xxl.enable
|
|
|
|
Default: ``false``
|
|
|
|
Type: *boolean*
|
|
|
|
Picks with exceptionally large amplitudes may be flagged as XXL,
|
|
allowing \(in future\) faster, preliminary \"heads\-up\" alerts.
|
|
|
|
This option enables the feature.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.xxl.minAmplitude
|
|
|
|
Default: ``10000``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Minimum amplitude for a pick to be flagged as XXL. The
|
|
value corresponds to the amplitude type configured in
|
|
autoloc.amplTypeAbs. NOTE that
|
|
BOTH minAmplitude and minSNR need to be exceeded\!
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.xxl.minSNR
|
|
|
|
Default: ``8``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Minimum SNR for a pick to be flagged as XXL. NOTE that
|
|
BOTH minAmplitude and minSNR need to be exceeded\!
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.xxl.minPhaseCount
|
|
|
|
Default: ``4``
|
|
|
|
Type: *integer*
|
|
|
|
Minimum number of XXL picks for forming an origin.
|
|
Must be >\= 4.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.xxl.maxStationDistance
|
|
|
|
Default: ``10``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *deg*
|
|
|
|
Maximum epicentral distance for accepting XXL picks.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. confval:: autoloc.xxl.maxDepth
|
|
|
|
Default: ``100``
|
|
|
|
Type: *double*
|
|
|
|
Unit: *km*
|
|
|
|
Maximum depth for creating origins based on XXL arrivals.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Command-Line Options
|
|
====================
|
|
|
|
.. program:: scautoloc
|
|
|
|
:program:`scautoloc [options]`
|
|
|
|
|
|
Generic
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -h, --help
|
|
|
|
Show help message.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -V, --version
|
|
|
|
Show version information.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --config-file arg
|
|
|
|
Use alternative configuration file. When this option is
|
|
used the loading of all stages is disabled. Only the
|
|
given configuration file is parsed and used. To use
|
|
another name for the configuration create a symbolic
|
|
link of the application or copy it. Example:
|
|
scautopick \-> scautopick2.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --plugins arg
|
|
|
|
Load given plugins.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -D, --daemon
|
|
|
|
Run as daemon. This means the application will fork itself
|
|
and doesn't need to be started with \&.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --auto-shutdown arg
|
|
|
|
Enable\/disable self\-shutdown because a master module shutdown.
|
|
This only works when messaging is enabled and the master
|
|
module sends a shutdown message \(enabled with \-\-start\-stop\-msg
|
|
for the master module\).
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --shutdown-master-module arg
|
|
|
|
Set the name of the master\-module used for auto\-shutdown.
|
|
This is the application name of the module actually
|
|
started. If symlinks are used, then it is the name of
|
|
the symlinked application.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --shutdown-master-username arg
|
|
|
|
Set the name of the master\-username of the messaging
|
|
used for auto\-shutdown. If \"shutdown\-master\-module\" is
|
|
given as well, this parameter is ignored.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Verbosity
|
|
---------
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --verbosity arg
|
|
|
|
Verbosity level [0..4]. 0:quiet, 1:error, 2:warning, 3:info,
|
|
4:debug.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -v, --v
|
|
|
|
Increase verbosity level \(may be repeated, eg. \-vv\).
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -q, --quiet
|
|
|
|
Quiet mode: no logging output.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --component arg
|
|
|
|
Limit the logging to a certain component. This option can
|
|
be given more than once.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -s, --syslog
|
|
|
|
Use syslog logging backend. The output usually goes to
|
|
\/var\/lib\/messages.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -l, --lockfile arg
|
|
|
|
Path to lock file.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --console arg
|
|
|
|
Send log output to stdout.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --debug
|
|
|
|
Execute in debug mode.
|
|
Equivalent to \-\-verbosity\=4 \-\-console\=1 .
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --log-file arg
|
|
|
|
Use alternative log file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Messaging
|
|
---------
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -u, --user arg
|
|
|
|
Overrides configuration parameter :confval:`connection.username`.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -H, --host arg
|
|
|
|
Overrides configuration parameter :confval:`connection.server`.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -t, --timeout arg
|
|
|
|
Overrides configuration parameter :confval:`connection.timeout`.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -g, --primary-group arg
|
|
|
|
Overrides configuration parameter :confval:`connection.primaryGroup`.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -S, --subscribe-group arg
|
|
|
|
A group to subscribe to.
|
|
This option can be given more than once.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --content-type arg
|
|
|
|
Overrides configuration parameter :confval:`connection.contentType`.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --start-stop-msg arg
|
|
|
|
Set sending of a start and a stop message.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Database
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --db-driver-list
|
|
|
|
List all supported database drivers.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: -d, --database arg
|
|
|
|
The database connection string, format:
|
|
service:\/\/user:pwd\@host\/database.
|
|
\"service\" is the name of the database driver which
|
|
can be queried with \"\-\-db\-driver\-list\".
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --config-module arg
|
|
|
|
The config module to use.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --inventory-db arg
|
|
|
|
Load the inventory from the given database or file, format:
|
|
[service:\/\/]location .
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --db-disable
|
|
|
|
Do not use the database at all
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mode
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --test
|
|
|
|
Do not send any object
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --offline
|
|
|
|
Do not connect to a messaging server. Instead a
|
|
station\-locations.conf file can be provided. This implies
|
|
\-\-test and \-\-playback
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --playback
|
|
|
|
Flush origins immediately without delay.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Settings
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --station-locations arg
|
|
|
|
The station\-locations.conf file to use when in
|
|
offline mode \(started with \-\-offline\).
|
|
If no file is given the database is used.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --station-config arg
|
|
|
|
The station configuration file. Examples are in \@DATADIR\@\/scautoloc\/
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --grid arg
|
|
|
|
The grid configuration file. Examples are in \@DATADIR\@\/scautoloc\/
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --pick-log arg
|
|
|
|
The pick log file. Providing a file name enables logging picks
|
|
even when disabled by configuration.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --default-depth arg
|
|
|
|
Default depth for comparison with the depth after locating.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --max-sgap arg
|
|
|
|
Maximum secondary azimuthal gap for an origin to be reported by.
|
|
The secondary gap is the maximum of the sum of 2 station gaps.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --max-rms arg
|
|
|
|
Maximum travel\-time RMS for a location to be reported.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --max-residual arg
|
|
|
|
Maximum travel\-time residual \(unweighted\) for a pick at a station to be used.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --max-station-distance arg
|
|
|
|
Maximum distance of stations to be used
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --max-nucleation-distance-default arg
|
|
|
|
Default maximum distance of stations to be used for nucleating new origins.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --min-pick-affinity arg
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --min-phase-count arg
|
|
|
|
Minimum number of picks for an origin to be reported.
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --min-score arg
|
|
|
|
Minimum score for an origin to be reported
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --min-pick-snr arg
|
|
|
|
Minimum SNR for a pick to be processed
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --threshold-xxl arg
|
|
|
|
An amplitude exceeding this threshold will flag the pick as XXL
|
|
|
|
.. option:: --min-phase-count-xxl arg
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Minimum number of picks for an XXL origin to be reported
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.. option:: --max-distance-xxl arg
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.. option:: --min-sta-count-ignore-pkp arg
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Minimum station count for which we ignore PKP phases
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.. option:: --min-score-bypass-nucleator arg
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Minimum score at which the nucleator is bypassed
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.. option:: --keep-events-timespan arg
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The timespan to keep historical events
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.. option:: --cleanup-interval arg
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The object cleanup interval in seconds
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.. option:: --max-age arg
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During cleanup all pick objects older than maxAge \(in seconds\)
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are removed \(maxAge \=\= 0 \=> disable cleanup\)
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.. option:: --wakeup-interval arg
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The interval in seconds to check pending operations
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.. option:: --dynamic-pick-threshold-interval arg
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The interval in seconds in which to check for extraordinarily
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high pick activity, resulting in a dynamically increased
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pick threshold
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