7.0.0

# Hypo71

The traditional Hypo71PC locator with SeisComP.

## Description

The Hypo71 locator algorithm by Fred Klein locator (Lee and Lahr [59]) has been implemented into SeisComP through the plugin mechanism. The plugin hypo71 contains the LocatorInterface implementation for Hypo71. This plugin uses a slightly modified Hypo71 version from Alexandre Nercessian (IPGP) which allows negative earthquake depth (above sea level) and negative stations altitude (below sea level - OBS).

The development of this plugin was co-financed by the European Union and le Ministère de l’Ecologie, du Développement Durable, des Transports et du Logement and developed by OVSM, Interreg Caraibes [19] / IPGP [11].

## How it works

When receiving a list of arrivals to locate, the plugin builds a Hypo71 input file with informations from the station inventory and configured profile. It then runs Hypo71, reads the output file and sends the results (location, uncertainties, RMS, pick residuals …) to SeisComP.

If several trial depths are configured, the plugin will run as many Hypo71 rushes as configured depths. Then all the results are read, and a decision is made on the best one, based on location RMS and uncertainty. A final run is then made with the best result depth as trial depth.

## Profiles

The plugin allows the user to set up as many profiles as needed. A profile contains all the information relative to the velocity model and Hypo71 iteration parameters.

This allows the user to tune the behaviour of Hypo71 to what he needs. If no profiles are set-up, the plugin will use default Hypo71 profile, according to example shown in Hypo71 first publication. Some of this default Hypo71 parameters have been altered to allow more and finer iteration, since computer power is now far above what was available in the 1970’s.

## Error measures

After running Hypo71, the output is converted into a SeisComP origin (SCML) object including some error measures. The following table shows how the Hypo71 error measures are mapped to the SeisComP data model:

SeisComP | Hypo71
--- | ---
Origin.latitude.uncertainty | ERH/sqrt(2)
Origin.longitude.uncertainty | ERH/sqrt(2)
Origin.depth.uncertainty | ERZ
Origin.originQuality.standardError | _
Origin.originQuality.secondaryAzimuthalGap | _
Origin.originQuality.usedStationCount | usedStationCount
Origin.originQuality.associatedStationCount | associatedStationCount
Origin.originQuality.associatedPhaseCount | associatedPhaseCount
Origin.originQuality.usedPhaseCount | associatedPhaseCount
Origin.originQuality.depthPhaseCount | depthPhaseCount
Origin.originQuality.minimumDistance | km2deg(Tdist.front)
Origin.originQuality.maximumDistance | km2deg(Tdist.back)
Origin.originQuality.medianDistance | km2deg(~Tdist)
Origin.originQuality.groundTruthLevel | QUALITY
Origin.originUncertainty.horizontalUncertainty | _
Origin.originUncertainty.minHorizontalUncertainty | _
Origin.originUncertainty.maxHorizontalUncertainty | _
Origin.originUncertainty.azimuthMaxHorizontalUncertainty | _
ConfidenceEllipsoid.semiMajorAxisLength | _
ConfidenceEllipsoid.semiMinorAxisLength | _
ConfidenceEllipsoid.semiIntermediateAxisLength | _
ConfidenceEllipsoid.majorAxisPlunge | _
ConfidenceEllipsoid.majorAxisAzimuth | _
ConfidenceEllipsoid.majorAxisRotation | _

## Plugin

The hypo71 plugin is installed under `share/plugins/hypo71.so`. It provides a new implementation of the LocatorInterface with the name Hypo71.

To add the plugin to a module add it to the modules configuration, either `modulename.cfg` or `global.cfg`:

    plugins = ${plugins}, hypo71

Basically it can be used by two SeisComP modules: screloc and scolv.

## Output

All output is stored in the configured `HYPO71ROOT`.

The following file are stored:

- Input file (input)

- Input configuration (.INP)

- Hypo71 location header (.OUT)

- Hypo71 location results (.PRT)

- Hypo71 ZTR evalutation log (.LOG)

In addition to the native Hypo71 outp ut a SeisComP origin object is created and returned to the calling instance. Usually this object is then sent via messaging.

In addition, the stdout output of the locator is redirected to SeisComP output at INFO level. Each line is identified by leading “Hypo71PC:”, e.g.:

    12:02:25 [info] Hypo71PC:  Date   Heure Minute Seconde
    12:02:25 [info] Hypo71PC:  90113    22    48     3.78                                Nb Iterations :  3

To view this output on the command line add –debug to your application when executing on the command line. Increasing logging level of the module which executes the plugin allows to read the output in the log file:

    loggging.level = 3

## Configuration example

To add the plugin to an application such as scolv or screloc, add the plugin name to the list of plugins that are loaded (e.g. `scolv.cfg`):

    plugins = ${plugins}, hypo71

Futhermore add the plugin configuration (e.g. `scolv.cfg`):

    ########################################################
    ############# Hypo71 plugin configuration ##############
    ########################################################

    # Hypo71 input file to process (generated by plugin)
    hypo71.inputFile = @DATADIR@/hypo71/HYPO71.INP

    # Hypo71 log file to store ZTR calculation and final results
    hypo71.logFile = @LOGDIR@/HYPO71.LOG

    # Hypo71 output file to read results from (generated by binary)
    hypo71.outputFile = @DATADIR@/hypo71/HYPO71.PRT

    # Hypo71 script called by plugin
    hypo71.hypo71ScriptFile = @DATADIR@/hypo71/run.sh

    # Hypo71 default profile
    hypo71.defaultControlFile = @DATADIR@/hypo71/profiles/default.hypo71.conf

    # Hypo71 origin patternID
    hypo71.publicID = Hypo71.@time/%Y%m%d%H%M%S.%f@.@id@

    # Should we use the custom patternID ?
    hypo71.useHypo71PatternID = false

    # Hypo71 custom profiles examples
    hypo71.profiles = ModelA
    hypo71.profile.ModelA.earthModelID = "My Velocity Model A"
    hypo71.profile.ModelA.methodID = Hypo71PC
    hypo71.profile.ModelA.controlFile = @DATADIR@/hypo71/profiles/profile.a.conf

Verify that everything is properly set up in the script `@DATADIR@/hypo71/run.sh`

    #!/bin/bash
    HYPO71PC_BINARY=Hypo71PC
    HYPO71PC_HOME=`dirname $0`

    # Jumping into the right directory
    cd ${HYPO71PC_HOME}/

    # Executing binary with input file as argument
    ${SEISCOMP_ROOT}/bin/$HYPO71PC_BINARY < input

Verify that everything is properly set up in the file `$SEISCOMP_ROOT/share/hypo71/input`

    HYPO71.INP
    HYPO71.PRT
    HYPO71.OUT

Important

There must be 3 blank lines at the end of the `input` file, those are not to be removed.

Finally set-up your Hypo71 profile (e.g. `$SEISCOMP_ROOT/share/hypo71/profiles/profile.a.conf`)

    ############################################################
    ##             HYPO71 SeisComP Plugin                     ##
    ##                                          @OVSM-IPGP    ##
    ##                                                        ##
    ############################################################

    ## This profile is based on Dorel velocity model for French Antilles
    ## It allows several iterations at different starting depth for deep and crustal earthquakes

    ##############
    # Reset List #
    ##############
    TEST(01) = .1    # sec # cutoff RMS value under which Jeffrey's weghting of residuals is not used
    TEST(02) = 50.   # km  #
    TEST(03) = 0.2    # critical F-value for the stepwise multiple regression
    TEST(04) = .01   # km # adjustment value under which Geiger's iteration is terminated
    TEST(05) = 5.    # km # focal-depth value above which DZ is rest to DZ / (K+1)
    TEST(06) = 4.    # regression TEST(03)/TEST(06) coefficient value if no significant variable is found in the stepwise multiple regression
    TEST(10) = 2.  # km # coefficient value J = D/TEST(10) used for resetting DX and DY
    TEST(11) = 999.    # maximum number of iterations in the hypocentral adjustment
    TEST(12) = .5    # coefficient value DZ = -Z*TEST(12) used for resetting DZ when hypocenter is placed in the air
    TEST(13) = 1.    # km # standard error value of hypocentral optionally calculated RMS

    ## The following values are only available with the Hypo71PC version modified by Alexandre Nercessian (IPGP) which is included with this plugin
    TEST(15) = -2.   # km # maximum altitude of earthquake in km (down is positive)
    TEST(20) = 1.    # used altitude = read altitude * TEST(20) - for example, -2500 = -250 * 10

    ######################
    # Crustal Model List #
    ######################
    CRUSTAL_VELOCITY_MODEL = 3.50, 6.00, 7.00, 8.00
    CRUSTAL_DEPTH_MODEL = 0.00, 3.00, 15.00, 30.00

    ################
    # Control Card #
    ################
    # MANDATORY
    ZTR = 5, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 150, 200   # km # trial focus depth, at least two
    # MANDATORY
    XNEAR = 200. # km # distance from epicenter up to which the distance weighting is 1
    # MANDATORY
    XFAR = 450. # km # distance from epicenter beyond which the distance weighting is 0
    # MANDATORY
    POS = 1.76  # ratio of P-velocity to S-velocity

    KAZ = 1      # 1 or blank # apply azimuthal weighting of stations ?
    KSORT = 1    # 1 or blank # sort stations by distance in the output ?

    # Use the position obtained from the best ZTR value ?
    USE_TRIAL_POSITION = false

    ####################
    # Instruction Card #
    ####################
    KNST = 1 # use S data ?
    INST = 0 # fix depth ?

    #####################################
    # Optionnal Weighting Look-Up Table #
    #####################################
    # Uncomment if you want to disable dynamic weighting and use those uncertainties as
    # boundaries for weighting (e.g. a pick with +-0.02 will have a weight of 0)
    #WEIGHT_UNCERTAINTY_BOUNDARIES = 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0

## Usage

### Locator

The usage of the new Hypo71 plugin is straight forward. Once loaded successfully the new locator shows up in the lower left corners combo box.

Select the new Hypo71 locator and a profile from the pre-configured list.

The Hypo71 implementation doesn’t provide a virtual profile automatically but the plugins ships with some example profiles.

If an origin has been relocated the method should be set to “Hypo71” and the earth model contains the name of the profile used to perform this localization.

### Settings

The Hypo71 locator implementation supports to override configured settings or control parameters for a session. Those changes are not persistent and lost if the locator is changed to another one or the profile has been changed.

To open the settings dialog press the button right to the locator selection combo box.

Then the Hypo71 selected profile parameters show up.

## More

- Take a look at Fred Klein HYPOINVERSE Earthquake Location software (Klein [58]),

- Hypo71PC original manual and binary are available on USGS website (Lee and Lahr [59]).

## Module Configuration

Note

hypo71.* Locator parameters: Hypo71

hypo71.logFile

  Default: `@LOGDIR@/HYPO71.LOG`

  Type: file

  Temporary file used by Hypo71 to store calculation logs.

hypo71.inputFile

  Default: `@DATADIR@/hypo71/HYPO71.INP`

  Type: file

  Temporary file to write Hypo71 input data to.

hypo71.outputFile

  Default: `@DATADIR@/hypo71/HYPO71.PRT`

  Type: file

  Temporary output file to read Hypo71 location data from.

hypo71.defaultControlFile

  Default: `@DATADIR@/hypo71/profiles/default.hypo71.conf`

  Type: file

  Hypo71 default profile. If no custom profile is specified, this profile will be used by the plugin when proceeding to a localization.

hypo71.hypo71ScriptFile

  Default: `@DATADIR@/hypo71/run.sh`

  Type: file

  Bash script executed when calling the Hypo71 locator plugin for locating the earthquake.

hypo71.profiles

  Type: list:string

  Hypo71 profile name. Multiples names may be set. They must be separated by comma. Each profile can have different velocity or parameters.

hypo71.publicID

  Type: string

  Custom patternID to use when generating origin publicID.

hypo71.useHypo71PatternID

  Type: boolean

  Specifies if the given public ID shall be used for generating origin publicID.

Note

hypo71.profile.* Profiles containing the profile-specific velocity model and the Hypo71 parameters.

Note

hypo71.profile.$name.* $name is a placeholder for the name to be used and needs to be added to `hypo71.profiles` to become active.

    hypo71.profiles = a,b
    hypo71.profile.a.value1 = ...
    hypo71.profile.b.value1 = ...
    # c is not active because it has not been added
    # to the list of hypo71.profiles
    hypo71.profile.c.value1 = ...

hypo71.profile.$name.earthModelID

  Type: string

  Profile’s velocity model name.

hypo71.profile.$name.methodID

  Default: `Hypo71`

  Type: string

  Profile’s method. It is generally the locator’s name (Hypo71).

hypo71.profile.$name.controlFile

  Type: file

  File containing the profile parameters.

hypo71.profile.$name.fixStartDepthOnly

  Default: `false`

  Type: boolean

  If the depth is requested to be fixed (e.g. by ticking the option in scolv) the plugin performs only one location starting at specified depth but with free depth evaluation. This option defines whether it should really fix the depth (false) or use this fixed depth only as starting point (true).